{"id":386,"date":"2025-10-13T18:31:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-13T16:31:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zvonicek.name\/wordpress\/?p=386"},"modified":"2025-10-13T10:32:56","modified_gmt":"2025-10-13T08:32:56","slug":"pondeli-po-28-nedeli-v-mezidobi-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zvonicek.name\/wordpress\/?p=386","title":{"rendered":"Pond\u011bl\u00ed po 28. ned\u011bli v mezidob\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Liturgie<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nev\u00edm sestry a brat\u0159i, jestli v\u00e1s n\u011bkdy napadla ot\u00e1zka, jak\u00e9 povahy byl Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 ve sv\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 p\u0159irozenosti? Mn\u011b se tato ot\u00e1zka v\u017edy vybav\u00ed, kdy\u017e v evangeliu zazn\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e1 z jeho \u201etvrd\u00fdch \u0159e\u010d\u00ed\u201c, jako dnes, kdy \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \u201eToto pokolen\u00ed, je pokolen\u00ed zl\u00e9.\u201c<\/em> Pro modern\u00ed psychologii by Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 byl asi osobnost\u00ed, kterou nelze jednodu\u0161e za\u0159adit do jedn\u00e9 kategorie. Ale evangelia, tradice i teologie n\u00e1m d\u00e1vaj\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b jasn\u00fd obraz o tom, kdo byl a je.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podle definice chalcedonsk\u00e9ho koncilu (451) je Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 Kristus prav\u00fd B\u016fh a prav\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk, jedna osoba ve dvou p\u0159irozenostech, nesm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fdch a nerozd\u011blen\u00fdch. M\u011bl plnou lidskou psychologii \u2013 emoce, v\u016fli, intelekt i temperament \u2013 ale jeho lidsk\u00e1 v\u016fle byla dokonale sjednocen\u00e1 s v\u016fl\u00ed Bo\u017e\u00ed. Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 je siln\u00fd, proto\u017ee se neboj\u00ed \u0159\u00edkat pravdu. Je jemn\u00fd, proto\u017ee l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed, odpou\u0161t\u00ed a zast\u00e1v\u00e1 se slab\u00fdch. Je pokorn\u00fd, proto\u017ee neprosazuje sebe, ale v\u016fli Otce. Je radostn\u00fd, um\u00ed se t\u011b\u0161it s druh\u00fdmi. Je soucitn\u00fd a sd\u00edl\u00ed bolest trp\u00edc\u00edch. Je v\u011brn\u00fd a\u017e do konce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To v\u0161echno m\u016f\u017eeme v men\u0161\u00ed \u010di v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e pozorovat i u lid\u00ed tohoto sv\u011bt\u011b. Ale to, co jeho lidstv\u00ed od na\u0161eho z\u00e1sadn\u011b odli\u0161uje, je neporu\u0161enost h\u0159\u00edchem. Proto v n\u011bm nen\u00ed nic lidsky negativn\u00edho. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd strach, \u017e\u00e1rlivost, p\u00fdcha, sobectv\u00ed, sebel\u00edtost ani cynismus \u2013 ani necitliv\u00e1 chladnost \u010di vypo\u010d\u00edtavost. On je dokonale Bo\u017e\u00ed. V n\u011bm vid\u00edme, k \u010demu jsme stvo\u0159eni: b\u00fdt pravdiv\u00ed, svobodn\u00ed, miluj\u00edc\u00ed, otev\u0159en\u00ed Bohu i druh\u00fdm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ale to podstatn\u00e9 pro dne\u0161n\u00ed evangelium je jeden z povahov\u00fdch rys\u016f n\u00e1s lid\u00ed, proti kter\u00e9mu Bo\u017e\u00ed syn vystupuje slovy o zl\u00e9m pokolen\u00ed. T\u00edm je n\u00e1\u0161 cynismus, v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b tak hojn\u00fd ve v\u0161ech oblastech lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0158eck\u00e9 slovo kynismos,<\/em> kter\u00e9 je z\u00e1kladem slova cynismus, <\/em>poch\u00e1z\u00ed od filozofa Antisthena, \u017e\u00e1ka Sokrata. P\u016fvodn\u011b znamenalo odm\u00edtnut\u00ed p\u0159etv\u00e1\u0159ky a fale\u0161n\u00fdch hodnot, touhu \u017e\u00edt jednodu\u0161e \u201ev pravd\u011b\u201c. Ale v modern\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b se jeho v\u00fdznam posunul: u\u017e neznamen\u00e1 svobodu od fale\u0161n\u00fdch hodnot, ale pohrd\u00e1n\u00ed jakoukoliv hodnotou. Dne\u0161n\u00ed cynismus je obrann\u00fd mechanismus modern\u00edho \u010dlov\u011bka. Kdo ztrat\u00ed v\u00edru v pravdu, dobro, l\u00e1sku a smysl \u017eivota, za\u010dne se chr\u00e1nit ironi\u00ed. Cynismus se st\u00e1v\u00e1 brn\u011bn\u00edm proti zklam\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 proto\u017ee kdo nev\u011b\u0159\u00ed ni\u010demu, nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zklam\u00e1n. Ale t\u00edm z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed o schopnost d\u016fv\u011b\u0159ovat a milovat. Ni\u010d\u00ed vztahovou hloubku, kter\u00e1 je podstatou lidstv\u00ed. N\u011bmeck\u00fd filozof Peter Sloterdijk to vystihl v\u011btou:  \u201eModern\u00ed cynik v\u00ed, co d\u011bl\u00e1, a p\u0159esto to d\u011bl\u00e1.\u201c <\/em>To znamen\u00e1 \u2013 rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1 zlo, ale nic s t\u00edm ned\u011bl\u00e1, proto\u017ee nev\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee by mohl n\u011bco zm\u011bnit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proto dne\u0161n\u00ed sv\u011bt tak \u010dasto \u017eije z gest, symbol\u016f a marketingu, chce rychl\u00e9 dojmy, \u201eznamen\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bchu\u201c, ne skute\u010dnou zm\u011bnu srdce nebo spole\u010dnosti. Dnes mnoz\u00ed politi\u010dt\u00ed v\u016fdci sly\u0161\u00ed hlas sv\u011bdom\u00ed, hlas chud\u00fdch, hlas pravdy, ale jednaj\u00ed podle kalkulu, nikoli podle mor\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1sad. Zl\u00e9 pokolen\u00ed se pozn\u00e1 podle toho, \u017ee \u017eije ze strachu \u2013 stejn\u011b jako lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bli vid\u011bt znamen\u00ed, proto\u017ee se b\u00e1li d\u016fv\u011b\u0159ovat. Populist\u00e9 (a nejen oni) tento strach \u017eiv\u00ed: slibuj\u00ed jednoduch\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, stav\u00ed fale\u0161n\u00e9 obrazy nep\u0159\u00edtele. M\u00edsto v\u00edry a odpov\u011bdnosti p\u011bstuj\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ru ned\u016fv\u011bry, rozd\u011blen\u00ed a \u00fazkosti. Zl\u00e9 pokolen\u00ed nen\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00fd abstraktn\u00ed pojem mimo n\u00e1s, ale za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 v ka\u017ed\u00e9m v n\u00e1s tehdy, kdy\u017e p\u0159estaneme hledat pravdu, rezignujeme na sv\u011bdom\u00ed, p\u0159estaneme v\u011b\u0159it, \u017ee dobro m\u00e1 smysl. Proto ten Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161\u016fv v\u00fdrok, kter\u00fd n\u00e1m Luk\u00e1\u0161 zachytil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evangelista ho za\u0159adil po pas\u00e1\u017e\u00edch, kde Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 uzdravuje posedl\u00e9ho a \u010del\u00ed obvin\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee jedn\u00e1 moc\u00ed Belzebuba. Z\u00e1stupy \u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed \u201eznamen\u00ed z nebe\u201c, tedy z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00fd d\u016fkaz jeho moci. Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 jejich postoj naz\u00fdv\u00e1 zl\u00fdm, ne proto, \u017ee by z\u00e1zraky byly \u0161patn\u00e9, ale proto\u017ee \u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed d\u016fkaz v\u00edry, m\u00edsto aby v\u00edru sami projevili. Proto ta tvrdost slov, kter\u00e1 ale nen\u00ed krutost\u00ed. Je pravdou, kter\u00e1 bol\u00ed, proto\u017ee uzdravuje. Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ova slova jsou ale tvrd\u00e1 jen pro srdce, kter\u00e9 se nechce m\u011bnit. Sv. \u0158eho\u0159 Velik\u00fd \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \u201eEvangelium je pro pokorn\u00e9 sladk\u00e9, pro py\u0161n\u00e9 tvrd\u00e9.\u201c<\/em> a ukazuje na duchovn\u00ed postoj, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017eeme nazvat duchovn\u00edm cynismem. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Duchovn\u00ed cynismus tedy znamen\u00e1 v\u011bd\u011bt, co je spr\u00e1vn\u00e9, ale nejednat podle toho. Je to vnit\u0159n\u00ed slepota, kdy\u017e \u010dlov\u011bk nechce sly\u0161et, nechce se obr\u00e1tit, a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 i Boha \u010di n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed, aby ospravedlnil s\u00e1m sebe. Je to obraz toho, kdo sly\u0161\u00ed evangelium, zn\u00e1 Bo\u017e\u00ed slovo, ale nev\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee by se mohlo n\u011bco skute\u010dn\u011b zm\u011bnit. Je to postoj srdce, kter\u00e9 ztratilo nad\u011bji, a proto se schov\u00e1v\u00e1 za ironii skepticismu nebo chladn\u00e9ho odstupu. Je to strach pustit se do osobn\u00edho vztahu s Bohem, proto\u017ee v\u00edra p\u0159estala b\u00fdt  \u017eivotem, ale stala se pouhou teori\u00ed. Cynik chce, aby B\u016fh prok\u00e1zal, \u017ee existuje \u2013 ale i kdyby to ud\u011blal, cynik najde  d\u016fvod to zpochybnit, aby nemusel riskovat v\u00edru. Riskovat v\u00edru ale p\u0159ece neznamen\u00e1 hazardovat s rozumem, ale odv\u00e1\u017eit se l\u00e1sky, kter\u00e1 v\u011b\u0159\u00ed i tam, kde sv\u011bt \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee u\u017e to nem\u00e1 smysl. A ten, kdo neriskuje v\u00edru, kdo p\u0159estane v\u011b\u0159it, \u017ee B\u016fh prom\u011b\u0148uje \u017eivoty, tak se uzav\u00edr\u00e1 Duchu svat\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd jedn\u00e1 nov\u011b a p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b. Pape\u017e Franti\u0161ek naz\u00fdv\u00e1 tento stav \u201educhovn\u00ed Alzheimerovou nemoc\u00ed\u201c \u2014 zapomn\u011bn\u00edm na \u017eiv\u00e9ho Boha. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1: \u201eKdy\u017e se c\u00edrkev nebo v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bk uzav\u0159e do sv\u00fdch jistot a p\u0159estane o\u010dek\u00e1vat p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed Ducha, st\u00e1v\u00e1 se star\u00fdm, unaven\u00fdm a cynick\u00fdm.\u201c <\/em>a\u017e se nakonec stane duchovn\u011b mrtv\u00fdm pro \u017eivot v Bo\u017e\u00edm kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A tak v\u00e1m sestry a brat\u0159i p\u0159eji m\u00edt u sebe v\u017edy po ruce evangelijn\u00ed l\u00e9k na tuto nemoc zapomn\u011bn\u00ed. Takov\u00fd, kter\u00fdm je znamen\u00ed Jon\u00e1\u0161ovo \u2013 tedy k\u0159\u00ed\u017e a vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed. To je jedin\u00e1 opravdov\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f na duchovn\u00ed cynismus. Abychom nehledali, ale d\u016fv\u011b\u0159ovali, \u017ee: \u201cTam, kde sv\u011bt \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u201ev\u0161echno je ztraceno\u201c, B\u016fh \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u201etady za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 nov\u00fd \u017eivot\u201c.<\/em> Tam, kde \u010dlov\u011bk \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u201enic u\u017e nem\u00e1 smysl\u201c, B\u016fh otev\u00edr\u00e1 smysl v l\u00e1sce. <\/em>Duchovn\u00ed cynismus se toti\u017e uzdravuje tam, kde se \u010dlov\u011bk znovu setk\u00e1 s \u017eiv\u00fdm Kristem, ne s teori\u00ed o n\u011bm, ale s osobn\u00ed zku\u0161enost\u00ed jeho l\u00e1sky. Amen.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Liturgie Nev\u00edm sestry a brat\u0159i, jestli v\u00e1s n\u011bkdy napadla ot\u00e1zka, jak\u00e9 povahy byl Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 ve sv\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 p\u0159irozenosti? Mn\u011b se tato ot\u00e1zka v\u017edy vybav\u00ed, kdy\u017e v evangeliu zazn\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e1 z jeho \u201etvrd\u00fdch \u0159e\u010d\u00ed\u201c, jako dnes, kdy \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \u201eToto pokolen\u00ed, je pokolen\u00ed zl\u00e9.\u201c Pro modern\u00ed psychologii by Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 byl asi osobnost\u00ed, kterou nelze jednodu\u0161e za\u0159adit do… Pokra\u010dovat ve\u00a0\u010dten\u00ed Pond\u011bl\u00ed po 28. ned\u011bli v mezidob\u00ed<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47,12,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-386","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-28-tyden","category-mezidobi","category-promluvy","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zvonicek.name\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/386","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zvonicek.name\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zvonicek.name\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zvonicek.name\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zvonicek.name\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=386"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.zvonicek.name\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/386\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":387,"href":"https:\/\/www.zvonicek.name\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/386\/revisions\/387"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zvonicek.name\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=386"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zvonicek.name\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=386"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zvonicek.name\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=386"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}